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Classifying Valley of Fire Petroglyphs
We want to try to classify the petroglyphs that we find in the Valley of Fire to get a better understanding of what they might mean or how they might have been used. (a) Some of the 'panels' are very well known. Atl Atl Rock is the most famous. Everything about the the images and their context, makes Atl Atl Rock intriguing.

Starting with the obvious, the Desert Big Horn Sheep is a major player at Atl Atl Rock. This is evidenced by the 1) central position occupied by the images; 2) the fact that they were 're-pecked'; 3) there is a nearby midden with sheep bone fragments; and 4) there are not many other things, or types of objects represented there. Then there are what are the 2 images of Atl Atl's which are throwing sticks used by hunters of large game. Seems simple, sheep plus hunting tools equals a hunting scene.

There is one widely circulated opinion which states that this is incorrect. Based on his interpretations of ethnographic data, Whitley in his "A Guide to Rock Art Sites, Southern California And Southern Nevada" (1) states that this is the work of an Atl Atl Shaman who specialized in treating spear wounds.

There are probably many breath taking and interesting theories available that this author is still not aware of so we will try to stay within the obvious. Classifications, as we view them ideally incorporate the obvious and include the insight from dealing with what is being classified.

The obvious in this case would to categorize the different petroglyph elements by their shapes. In this way some categories become self defining. What they mean to the authors of the images, archaeologists and others is not in the scope of this classification process.

If we see a circle, that would categorized as a circle. To us a circle or a line, is just a circle or a line. An image of a handprint or footprint is just a handprint or footprint. Big Horn Sheep are Big Horn Sheep, not mammals or spirits. (2) Whatever these images are interpreted to be, is left to the archaeologists.

The criteria is actually the shape and look of the glyphs.

We like the approach taken by Bostwick and Krocek. (3) Elements are put into their categories based on their shape.

As we add to this classification with images from other sites, categories will probably be added as we are better able to articulate the differences and similarities in the images. There is several images which seem to be ubiquitous. Hands and feet are images found almost everywhere in the world. We notice that there are patterns in how these images are used. Sometimes the hands point straight up, sometimes they point straight down. We are going to try to interpret that in any way except to note it. By noting this distinction we are forced to imply that these are not random or coincidental placements. Left or right foot and hand is also something that should be noted. If, as we have seen, there is an apparently random placement of images, that should be noted also.

As we looked at the glyphs found in other places, currently Red Rock Canyon and Petroglyph Canyon, we found consistent patterns that are not in the petroglyphs, but around them and their placement. The most notable of these is the perpendicular orientation of the glyphs, the height above ground, method, rock or cliff, water nearby.

Type Description
Perpendicular Orientation The ordinal direction which the flat surface of the palette
Solid, Outlined, Dithered Completely filled in, Outlined, Partially filled in
Height Under 6 feet, required ladder, required rock climbing or hiking 
Methods Hammer stone and pebble, grooved and scratched
Rock/Cliff If it is not attached to the side of a mountain, we classify it as a rock
Water nearby 100 yards or less, less than a mile, more than a mile
Site or midden nearby 100 yards or less, less than a mile, more than a mile
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